View：10252023-11-24 08:45:56 From: Looking for Solar Panel Production Line?
Under the condition that the actual installed capacity of the photovoltaic power station is constant, the power generation of the photovoltaic system is determined by the radiation intensity of the sun, and the solar radiation is positively correlated with the power generation. The radiation intensity and spectral characteristics of the sun change with meteorological conditions. So, what are the factors that affect the power generation of solar photovoltaic power plants?
Under the condition that the actual installed capacity of the photovoltaic power station is constant, the power generation of the photovoltaic system is determined by the radiation intensity of the sun, and the solar radiation is positively correlated with the power generation. The radiation intensity and spectral characteristics of the sun change with meteorological conditions.
The amount of inclined surface radiation is different for different installation angles in the same area, and the amount of inclined surface radiation can be increased by adjusting the inclination angle of the panel (the bracket adopts a fixed and adjustable type) or installing a tracking device (the bracket adopts a tracking type).
Inverter capacity ratio refers to the ratio of the rated power of the inverter to the capacity of the PV modules carried.Since the power generation of photovoltaic modules is transmitted to the inverter, there will be many links in the middle that cause reduction, and most of the time there is no way for equipment such as inverters and box transformers to operate at full capacity, the capacity of photovoltaic modules should be slightly larger than the rated capacity of the inverter. As a rule of thumb, PV modules:inverter = 1.2:1 is an optimal design ratio in areas with better solar energy resources.
Modules connected in series will cause current loss due to the current difference of the module, and series parallel connection will cause voltage loss due to the voltage difference of the strings.CNCA/CTS00X-2014 "Technical Specification for Performance Testing and Quality Assessment of Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Power Stations" (Draft for Comments): It is required that the series mismatch loss of modules should not exceed 2% at most.
Module occlusion includes dust occlusion, snow occlusion, weeds, trees, battery panels, and other buildings, which will reduce the amount of radiation received by the module, affect the heat dissipation of the module, and cause the output power of the module to decrease, and may also lead to hot spots.
As the temperature of crystalline silicon cells increases, the open-circuit voltage decreases. Within the range of 20-100℃, the voltage of each cell decreases by approximately 2mV for every 1℃ increase in temperature. However, the current slightly increases with temperature. Overall, the power output of solar cells decreases as the temperature rises, with a typical power temperature coefficient of -0.35%/℃. This means that for every 1℃ increase in cell temperature, the power output decreases by 0.35%.
The attenuation of module power refers to the phenomenon that the output power of the module gradually decreases with the increase of light time. Component attenuation is related to the characteristics of the component itself. The attenuation phenomenon can be roughly divided into three categories: the sudden attenuation of module power caused by destructive factors; Initial light-induced attenuation of the component; Aging attenuation of components.
CNCA/CTS00X-2014 "Technical Specification for Performance Testing and Quality Assessment of Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Power Stations" The attenuation rate of polysilicon modules shall not exceed 2.5% within 1 year, and the attenuation rate shall not exceed 3.2% within 2 years; The decay of monocrystalline silicon modules should not exceed 3.0% within 1 year and 4.2% within 2 years.
The failure and shutdown of equipment in the photovoltaic power generation system directly affects the power generation of the power station, such as the failure and shutdown of the AC equipment above the inverter, then the loss of electricity will be huge. In addition, if the device is running but not running at its best performance, it will also cause power loss.
Routine maintenance and overhaul is a must for power plants, and a well-scheduled maintenance plan can reduce power loss. The power station should reasonably set the maintenance time according to its own situation, and at the same time, the work efficiency of the maintenance should be improved to reduce the power generation lost by the power station due to normal maintenance and maintenance.
Due to the consumption of the power grid, the power grid dispatching in some areas requires the power limit operation of photovoltaic power stations.
Summary The factors that affect the power generation of photovoltaic power plants include solar energy resources, module installation methods, inverter capacity ratio, module series-parallel matching, module shading, module temperature characteristics, module power attenuation, equipment operation and maintenance stability, routine maintenance and grid consumption, etc., all of which affect the power generation of power stations to varying degrees.
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